What Is Identity Theft?
Identity theft happens when someone steals your personal information and uses it without your permission. This can include your name, Social Security number, credit card details, or other financial information. Criminals use this stolen data to open new accounts, make purchases, or commit fraud in your name.
Warning Signs Your Identity May Be Stolen
- Unexpected bills or collection notices for accounts you did not open
- Unfamiliar charges on your credit card or bank statements
- Missing mail, especially financial statements
- Denied credit applications when you have good credit
- IRS notices about unreported income or duplicate tax filings
- Calls from debt collectors about debts you do not owe
Essential Prevention Steps
- Freeze Your Credit
Contact all three credit bureaus (Equifax, Experian, TransUnion) and place a credit freeze. This prevents anyone from opening new accounts in your name. It is free and does not affect your credit score.
- Use Strong, Unique Passwords
Create different passwords for every account. Use a password manager to keep track of them. Enable two-factor authentication wherever possible.
- Monitor Your Accounts Regularly
Check your bank and credit card statements weekly. Review your credit report at least once a year at AnnualCreditReport.com. Set up alerts for unusual activity.
- Protect Your Social Security Number
Never carry your Social Security card in your wallet. Only share your number when absolutely necessary. Ask why it is needed and how it will be protected.
- Secure Your Mail
Use a locked mailbox or P.O. box. Shred financial documents before discarding them. Sign up for electronic statements when possible.
- Be Careful Online
Watch out for phishing emails and fake websites. Only enter personal information on secure websites (look for https:// and a padlock icon). Avoid public WiFi for banking or shopping.
What to Do If Your Identity Is Stolen
- Place a fraud alert on your credit reports
- Review your credit reports and dispute fraudulent accounts
- File a report at IdentityTheft.gov
- File a police report
- Close any accounts that were opened fraudulently
- Change all passwords and security questions